Papers
What we measured, and what follows from it.
A method, a comparison or a measurement series — with a complete list of sources. No form, no registration, no e-mail address. Anyone who wants to know something should be able to read it.
Why there is no form
The decision, and why it went that way
In our field there are perhaps thirty to eighty people who can set a test bench enquiry in motion. At that order of magnitude, a form trades recognition for addresses we already have. So the papers lie open. Anyone with a question about them will find a name and a direct line on every last page — that is the better return channel than a filled-in field.
Published
The papers
Six papers, all with a complete list of sources. Where a figure in common use could not be traced back to its primary source, it does not appear in the text — that is the difference between a technical paper and an advertisement.
Chip cooling at the limit: what two-phase systems achieve and what they demand
Flow boiling in parallel channels, the Ledinegg instability and why 0.6 watts of load change can produce a 95 kelvin temperature jump. Together with the rules from ASHRAE, OCP and JEDEC — and the unsettled situation on the fluids. Read the paper 02High-temperature materials in 3D printing for fluid-carrying components
Why 238 °C on the data sheet means 101 °C under load, why a wall between 0.6 and 0.4 millimetres leaks by a factor of 119, and what the Pressure Equipment Directive has to say about it. Read the paper 03Measuring leak rate: eight decades between pressure decay and helium
The detection limits of the methods compared, the conversion between gases and units — and why a tenth of a kelvin of temperature drift reverses the sign of a pressure decay measurement. Read the paper 04Test benches and the Machinery Regulation from 2027-01-20
No coexistence period, substantial modification for the first time in EU law, digital instructions for use with a ten-year obligation, and protection against corruption as an essential safety requirement. Read the paper 05How to prove ±0.1 K: measurement uncertainty, metrological traceability and acceptance
Decision rule and guard band, what a calibration certificate is worth, the uncertainties achievable for each measured quantity, and why the temperature spread governs the budget of a heat output. Read the paper 06Performance map instead of a single point: what EN 14511 and EN 14825 demand of the test bench
±0.15 K on the temperature difference, defrost cycles at ten-second intervals, the four part-load points of the average climate — and what the change of refrigerant means for the test bench. Read the paperBoth papers are available without a form and without registration. If you need the primary source for a figure: the list of sources is at the end of every paper, with publisher, title, year and link. Where we could not substantiate a statement, we say so in the text.
Planned
What we are working on at the moment
The following subjects are settled, but not yet published. They are listed here so that you can see what we are thinking about — not so that they count as available.
| No. | Working title | What it is about | For whom |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The test item in its operating state: CAN and LIN on the test bench | Residual bus simulation, LIN as master, why a test bench without a bus connection measures a dead component | all fields, valves and actuators in particular |
| 2 | Measuring differential pressure properly | Resolution, zero point, mounting position, pipework effects | Design engineers and test engineers |
Both subjects can be substantiated from our own work. Three of the six subjects originally planned have since been published and appear above.
Do you have a question on one of these subjects?
Then do not wait for the paper. Call us — the answer is usually quicker than the publication.
